Vocational training systems differ markedly between countries. A model of firm‐ based human capital investment predicts equilibria characterised by particular patterns of training and job‐to‐job mobility, consistent with observed cross‐country differences. Incentives to invest in human capital are determined jointly with labour turnover and the intensity of competition between employers for skilled workers, and the dependence of labour market conditions on human capital leads to strategic complementarity between training decisions. Depending on the extent of market frictions and match heterogeneity, we may expect to see either equilibria characterised by general training, steep wage profiles and high mobility; or equilibria in which both general and specific investment may occur, but turnover is low and wage profiles are relatively flat. Multiple equilibria are possible, in which case high turnover equilibria generate higher welfare.
JEL Classification Codes: J24, J63
Keywords: Human capital, labour turnover, specific training, general training, search, matching.